Anomaly Detection is a process of identifying data points that do not conform to the expected pattern or behavior of a given dataset. It is used to detect outliers or unusual patterns in data that may indicate a potential problem or risk. Anomaly Detection can be used in a variety of applications
From Wikipedia
In data analysis, anomaly detection is generally understood to be the identification of rare items, events or observations which deviate significantly from the majority of the data and do not conform to a well defined notion of normal behavior. Such examples may arouse suspicions of being generated by a different mechanism, or appear inconsistent with the remainder of that set of data.